看了零八版《德伯家的苔絲》，和看波蘭斯基版一樣，到了殺人逃難的部分就哭得一塌糊涂。小時候看波蘭斯基版，覺得苔絲太弱了；現(xiàn)在看，才覺得苔絲是太強，什么都攬過來扛著，她倘若肯示弱一點點，就不至于這么慘。惡少Alec雖壞，但給苔絲的傷尚且不致命，真正摧垮苔絲的其實是文藝小受Angel。
可是女人總是要袒護自己愛的那個人，不可能去責備他，只能去捅死自己不喜歡的那個。所以苔絲最后的邏輯是：只有殺了Alec，她和Angel才可以在一起。話說如果Angel內(nèi)心足夠強大的話，Alec又算個屁啊，他們早就可以逍遙快活了。Alec沒那么壞，Angel沒那么好，這是哈代筆下的現(xiàn)實。

I may still let myself get immersed in the tragic mood after watching Tess of the D'Urbervilles, thus this opera review will seem quite emotionally unstable, or even becoming extremism, anyway, I must write down sth. after watching this tragedy, which, to my understanding, can never be categorized as a tragic romance. Honestly, I am not sympathetic with anyone in this drama, including Tess, all of whom have been living life in their own way, no intention of being judgmental here.

 

But I must get clear on my own thoughts, why, I mean why Tess fell so much in love with Angel and ended herself up in such misery? I can not tell any merits from Angel from the very beginning, even back to that May Dance on the lawn, come on, at the first glance, I conclude that he is an emotional unstable youngster who can barely bear any responsibility, en, I am also way too poignant. He adopted dual moral standards, I bet Tess's life would be getting better, or even a happy ending with Alec or other normal but kind man without ever getting the chance to meet Angel. I am more than willing to adapt this sentence "If we had danced that day, how happy we might have be" to " If we have hadn't met on that day, how happy I might have be", poor Tess, you got the wrong way!

 

There is no doubt that Angel is a devil, but this can still make no difference to Tess if she chose to keep that secret what she has already sworn to her mum, an incapable but intelligent mum who always cared for Tess. That's to say, Tess's purity should be blamed, at least partly, for her own tragedy, devil needs counterparts not a real angel to match with each other. In the mean time, Tess is a perfectionist, she can't stand any flaws lying between Angel and herself, yes, her pursuit of perfect love without any reserve from that man she deeply loves predicts her destiny. Poor Tess, there is never ever perfect love like you imagined in the real world, why not let go of the past and move on? Purity, Perfectionism, they are far from the worst part of Tess's characters, when I saw how pleased and relieved she was after hearing Angel's confession of his own misbehavior, I can't help feeling badly sad for this poor girl, she shall know the principle of equity can't be translated into reality, especially a world ruled by men back then, which is almost the case nowadays. Till now, Purity, Perfectionism, and Principle of equity, I don't think these suffice to lead Tess to hanging, here comes the last but the most important reason: her poignancy. I feel uncomfortable to put this poor girl like this, but truth will prevail anyway. Frankly speaking, I can't resist getting angry while seeing how mean and cruel she has behaved towards Alec, whose inside equals outside, who is the only character in the drama never pretending to be an angel. I believe he really tried best to get a fresh lease of life by means of following god and disseminating his doctrine as a preacher, and he may go astray for temptation again. I am not entitled to judge whether he is a devil, but I don't think he deserves being stabbed by a bread knife. He is much better than Angel, he may ask for an exchange for his life-saving offer, come on, an imaginary angel can't save your family from starvation, but a real devil can. That's the unmerciful truth of life, fighting against it or living in untopianism may incur real troubles, which are well expressed in Tess's story.

 

Of course, we can still scold Alec as many others have already done over these years and we should despise Angel who deserves vicious blame. There is a book review telling that this story was intended to be against religious authorities, say, Christian, I should say I can't be more happy for Angel's non-belief in God, otherwise I would feel twice hurt because of his selfish behavior. Anyway, I should not be that much judgmental, as Tess's experienced mum has put it like this " This one is not different from the other".

 

In the here and now, my point is: what can we girls learn from Tess's story? Yes, it's just a fictive novel narrating a story happening long long ago and far far away...but there must be sth. in common which is applicable even today. Shortly, I emphasize that Tess' s purity, perfectionism, principle of equity, and poignancy (4P) ended herself up in hanging, and others in undeserved death or life-time self-accusation...I am currently incapable of delving deep into analyzing these "4P "characters, I however never imply that they are harmful, to the contrary, they are real goodness, which I appreciate a lot and try best to observe, in god's name. But we sometimes must adapt our principles to surroundings, not bending but catering to the society where we are born and destined to die, I must call myself a fool if I insist on becoming an angel so as to expect another one, so, come to the basics: it really matters how we live in this world, but how? I have no idea of this!

 

I will pray for God to guide me in life.

目前看了兩集。一共四集。此觀感隨時更新。

演員選的挺好。演Tess的Gemma Arterton的確有小說里Tess的氣質(zhì)。哈代描寫過Tess的嘴唇是微微上翹的，每句話說完之后嘴唇會孩子氣的向上一撅。這個特點Gemma Arterton也有，不曉得是天生的還是訓練出來的。
演Alec D'urberville的那家伙尤其好，第一次看他的藍眼睛就覺得陰森，滿是lust的陰森。
Angel Clare比起以上兩個稍稍遜色一些，但也很不錯了。

第二集里那幾個擠奶女工的戲也是忠實原著的。Marian高大壯碩，Izz蒼白理智，Retty小巧而神經(jīng)質(zhì)。Angel Clare把她們一個個抱過積水潭的情節(jié)是文學歷史上最經(jīng)典的情節(jié)之一（個人以為）。

有一些細節(jié)處理的很動人。例如：其他三個女工看著窗外的Angel，每個人都愛他，都恨不得明天就嫁給他。但是有人說：我們誰也嫁不成。因為他最喜歡Tess Durbeyfield。Tess背對著她們，聽到這句話，幸福的閉上眼睛。真是動人的細節(jié)，一個年輕女子知道自己喜歡的人也喜歡自己時的那種心情。

The Independent有評論說此版本忽略了一些原著里含有的ambiguity。最明顯的一處是：Tess在狩獵林里被Alec...的那個清晨，小說里的描寫很模糊：rabbit和hare偷偷的跳來跳去，黑暗和寂靜籠罩著一切，狩獵林里立著古老的的橡樹和紫杉，鳥兒在沉睡著。那么守護Tess的天使在哪里？

為我的翻譯表示道歉。以下引用原文：
Darkness and silence ruled everywhere around. Above them rose the primeval yews and oaks of The Chase, in which there poised gentle roosting birds in their last nap; and about them stole the hopping rabbits and hares. But, might some say, where was Tess's guardian angel? where was the providence of her simple faith?

此段中的描寫含有性暗示（rabbit是哈代對sex的影射 - 此評論說），除此之外，還有含糊的意味。即，Tess在這一過程中的反應是模糊的：她當然是被迫的，但是這其中肯定有一定程度的被誘惑，并參雜了少女情竇初開的一時糊涂。在電視改編版本中Tess的驚叫把這一情節(jié)等同于強奸。此外小說中的Tess在被Alec在狩獵林里侵犯之后還和他繼續(xù)過了一星期。記得我看的譯本中說她“糊里糊涂的委身于他”。電視里她第二天就憤怒的離開，這個安排削減了哈代小說中的模糊性和復雜性。

    迷途羔羊——亞雷

　 張愛玲說：最可厭的人，如果你細加研究，結(jié)果總發(fā)現(xiàn)他不過是個可憐人。苔絲剛?cè)喞准夜ぷ鲿r亞雷問苔絲他母親是個怎樣的人。他不了解他母親，估計從小關(guān)系就不好。根據(jù)羅曼·波蘭斯基1979年的電影推測，亞雷母親估計年輕時痛失所愛，那可能是個會吹口哨負責照看雞禽的年輕小伙兒。
　　
　 英國文學的古堡里似乎永遠住著一個陰森的缺愛女人，譬如《簡愛》閣樓上羅徹斯特先生發(fā)了瘋的原配夫人。再想想那些哥特式小說中幽靈的老房子，那些愛恨兇殺情仇還真是可怕。所以亞雷從小就是一個極度缺愛的人，這直接導致他人性發(fā)展的不完全。
　　
　 母親死后，亞雷一度迷茫，甚至想變賣家產(chǎn)去傳教。他仍是一個有感情，對人生有思考的人。只是資產(chǎn)階級紈绔子弟的劣根性由來已久，難以根除。且他立場及不堅定，苔絲的再次出現(xiàn)立馬把他的所謂信仰打回原形，他是一個被欲望控制的人。
　　
　 俄國文學中“多余人”奧涅金，甚至川端康成筆下被虛無主義充斥的島村等人，他們都是沒有自由的，因為他們意志中毫無理應被自我掌控的理性可言。亞雷的欲望讓他不斷消滅苔絲獨立存在的自由,他通過無限制掌控，擁有苔絲而滿足自我需求。他對苔絲沒有基本的女性尊重，也根本談不上愛的平等。
　　
　 但有意思的是在BBC出產(chǎn)的《德伯家的苔絲》里，有一個場景反復出現(xiàn)。亞雷騎著高大的白馬無數(shù)次接近苔絲。想想看，一顆被欲望充斥的感性，熾熱的靈魂，在高大的白馬上馳騁而來，又絕塵而去。他歷經(jīng)苔絲的純真，貧窮，懵懂，悲傷和深深的厭惡，他那么趾高氣揚，卻又那么真實可感?？傊?，這是一個對苔絲影響深刻的男人。
　　
　　
　 自我純真堅守——苔絲
　　
　 我有時在想關(guān)于女性的審美標準多大程度上出自男性眼光。苔絲的純潔美在亞雷和安琪兒心中是無與倫比的。然而，我以為最難能可貴的在于苔絲自己認為自己是無罪的，她雖弱勢，卻有一種自我純真靈魂的篤定和堅守。在新婚之夜丈夫知道自己“不堪”往事后要憤然離開時，苔絲哭訴，追問，她如此坦蕩，她那么愿意相信這個天使一樣的人兒不會計較自己的過往。這種勇氣太重要了，這比安娜卡列寧娜實在高出一個精神境界。安娜在徹底淪為沃倫斯基情婦后，她開始自我懷疑，覺得自己有罪且不被接納，自我精神逐漸瓦解，那么最終的毀滅也就不遠了。
　　
　 然而我又覺得苔絲的這種強烈反抗意識幾乎沒有現(xiàn)實依據(jù)。那樣的社會大環(huán)境，她的出身幾乎讓她沒有反抗的余地。很多人不理解為什么苔絲最后手刃亞雷。她是安琪兒的妻子，她和安琪兒完全可以一起理性化解這種局面。
　　
　 這時劇情發(fā)展到最大的高潮，亞雷，這個造成她悲慘命運的人生污點，安琪兒的回歸又讓她意識到亞雷對她造成的無法彌補的第二次傷害，她憤怒絕望到了頂點，她孤注一擲，在命運施加給她最后一根稻草后，她徹底爆發(fā)了。
　　
　 苔絲是一個那么個性強烈和自尊的人，她絕對接受不了安琪兒父母的一丁點兒施舍。這種性格的兩面性直接造成了她孩子的早夭。想來為孩子的成長健康著想，亞雷有權(quán)知道孩子的存在并履行其為父的義務。然而這種權(quán)利和義務皆被苔絲剝奪，她對這個孩子的感情也可謂愛恨交織，難以言表。
　　
　　
　 單純抽象的天使人性——安琪兒
　　
　 安琪兒和苔絲的相遇似乎有著某種必然性。安琪兒有著苔絲對知識，天使人性，美好生活憧憬的全部寄托。他是一個有著不同山水的陽光理想青年。他如此尊重她，傾聽她的心聲，對她以禮相待，抱其她三個女工過水坑也只是為了最后能抱她。
　　
　 然而安琪兒的性格是存在爭議的，他心中純潔的苔絲形象是他理想的幻想。一旦現(xiàn)實與理想發(fā)生沖突，他便憤怒，失望，心傷，逃避。他的天使人性太過單純且抽象，不能給苔絲帶來可供解救的實際人生。在他棄苔絲獨往巴西后，他理想化的職業(yè)憧憬在一場黃熱病中成為泡影。他也沒有考慮到苔絲作為棄婦有可能遭受的種種危機。安琪兒是整個虛偽資產(chǎn)階級大環(huán)境下一個特立獨行的靈魂，但他對現(xiàn)世人生的諸多估計和考慮都欠妥帖。沖破階級和世俗藩籬的愛戀遠比他想象中艱難，對此他顯然沒有做好準備。
　　
　 但倘若苔絲遇到的不是安琪兒，而是一個普通的工人；不是黑暗工業(yè)化時期的英國鄉(xiāng)村，是“文明”的現(xiàn)代社會，那么苔絲是可被接受的嗎，這樣的悲劇還會不會發(fā)生？其實這種假設很消極，或多或少都是對男性的道德綁架和責難。那么何不積極一點，追本溯源解決實質(zhì)問題呢？
　　
　 首先苔絲父母并沒有對苔絲進行基本性教育，也沒有在她受到傷害后好好保護她，一個懵懂花季少女就這么被無情踐踏。再者是強暴者亞雷，他理所當然應該接受法律的制裁。然而這些關(guān)乎社會方方面面的法律，倫理，道德，在那樣一個沒有人權(quán)的社會都是無法保障的，所以歸根結(jié)底是社會制度的問題。
　　
　 其實我理想的結(jié)局是安琪兒經(jīng)歷過這一切后，堅定不移投入到火熱的社會變革中去。只有思想家和革命斗士才能發(fā)掘出社會前進的道路，才能避免悲劇的再次發(fā)生。然而托馬斯哈代不這么想，他的悲劇觀和宿命論也不允許他這么寫。

居然還有認同Alec的。用Tess的話說，你，還有像你這樣的男人，把自己的快樂，建立在我的痛苦上，為了確保你自己能上天堂，就來跟我說什么救贖嗎？我也鄙視他。假惺惺的說要散盡家產(chǎn)來傳教，其實根本就改變不了他那邪惡骯臟的本性。
先開始設圈套強暴Tess，毀了Tess的一生，至于給她家里人買玩具，他會在乎這幾個錢？不過是哄女人開心很一般的伎倆罷了，后來到了森林，Tess很明確的拒絕了他，他知道自己沒戲，才撕破臉強暴，只為圖一時爽快，完全不顧Tess感受。Tess生孩子那幾年，他對Tess家有絲毫過問么？以他那么厚臉皮的人，還會被Tess的恨傷到？Tess只是他玩過的女人之一罷了。
到最后又威逼欺騙Tess，說她丈夫不會回來了。還當著她的面侮辱她母親，看到這段我尤為憤怒，連最基本的人與人之間的尊重都沒有，真令人惡心。
他是Tess一生的惡夢，Tess做夢都不想見到他，他若真愛Tess，何不躲的遠遠的。他只是為了滿足自己的欲望。他愛Tess么？不?？梢灾谰退愫髞鞹ess迫于生活的無奈跟了她，Tess也是天天活在他的各種侮辱下，那種仗著自己有錢就荒淫的嘴臉，Tess怎么受得了？這種折磨侮辱，足以讓憤恨的Tess殺了他。
再說Angel，在那個時代，如果一個男人聽完她老婆過去的不堪后矛盾糾結(jié)過后還能很快的說原諒，那就真的只是存在于小說中的完美男人了。Angel的不完美，才更有真實感。